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Was the fall of Rome a great catastrophe that cast the West into darkness for centuries to come? Or, as scholars argue today, was there no crisis at all, but simply a peaceful blending of barbarians into Roman culture, an essentially positive transformation? In The Fall of Rome, eminent historian Bryan Ward-Perkins argues that the "peaceful" theory of Rome's "transformation" is badly in error. Indeed, he sees the fall of Rome as a time of horror and dislocation that destroyed a great civilization, throwing the inhabitants of the West back to a standard of living typical of prehistoric times. Attacking contemporary theories with relish and making use of modern archaeological evidence, he looks at both the wider explanations for the disintegration of the Roman world and also the consequences for the lives of everyday Romans, who were caught in a world of economic collapse, marauding barbarians, and the rise of a new religious orthodoxy. The book recaptures the drama and violence of the last days of the Roman world, and reminds us of the very real terrors of barbarian occupation. Equally important, Ward-Perkins contends that a key problem with the new way of looking at the end of the ancient world is that all difficulty and awkwardness is smoothed out into a steady and positive transformation of society. Nothing ever goes badly wrong in this vision of the past. The evidence shows otherwise. Up to date and brilliantly written, combining a lively narrative with the latest research and thirty illustrations, this superb volume reclaims the drama, the violence, and the tragedy of the fall of Rome.

Rome --- Europe --- History. --- History --- Histoire --- Roman history --- anno 1-499 --- anno 500-799 --- Empire, 284-476 --- Germanic invasions, 3d-6th centuries --- Acqui 2006 --- Rome - History - Germanic Invasions, 3rd-6th centuries --- Rome - History - Empire, 284-476 --- Rome - Histoire - 3e-6e siècles (Grandes Invasions) --- Rome - Histoire - 284-476 (Bas-Empire)

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Dans un monde idéal l’hagiographie et le culte se développeraient en parallèle en se renforçant mutuellement. Autant que de sanctuaires, de reliques et de fêtes, le culte complet et réussi avait besoin de textes. Ce livre, en étudiant les sources en grec, latin, syriaque, copte, arménien et géorgien, montre que le lien entre l’hagiographie et le culte était en réalité souvent plus complexe. Certaines histoires ont été écrites en réponse à un culte déjà existant, mais les pratiques cultuelles et l’image du saint qu’elles présentent divergent de celles qui étaient promues par les sanctuaires majeurs des mêmes saints. D’autres histoires précédèrent l’apparition du culte et contribuèrent à son émergence seulement beaucoup plus tard. D’autres encore, jouissant d’un succès littéraire considérable, n’ont pourtant pas réussi à obtenir pour leurs héros un sanctuaire ou une place dans le calendrier. L’hagiographie pouvait créer, soutenir, changer ou ignorer le culte, mais le culte pouvait aussi bien créer, soutenir, changer ou ignorer l’hagiographie.

Christian saints --- Christian hagiography. --- Cult. --- Christian hagiography --- Hagiography, Christian --- Hagiography --- Saints --- Canonization --- Cult --- Christian saints - Cult. --- Culte des saints --- Hagiographie

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"Graffiti, scratched or drawn on the walls of religious shrines, provide unique unmediated evidence of how ordinary men and women, many of them pilgrims, invoked and sought the help of God and the saints in Late Antiquity. The papers in this volume document and discuss cultic graffiti across the entire late antique Mediterranean, and into Nubia and Arabia. The principal focus is the Christian world, but there are also papers that look back to pre-Christian practice, and into the world of early Islam. Presenting evidence that is often unfamiliar, this is an important volume for anyone interested in the History and Archaeology of Late Antiquity. In examining cultic practice, we are almost always compelled to view the actions of devotees through texts written by the ecclesiastical elite, often with a clear hagiographical agenda in mind cultic graffiti are evidence produced by the protagonists themsleves."

Inscriptions chrétiennes -- Méditerranée (région) --- Graffiti -- Méditerranée (région) --- Saints -- Méditerranée (région) --- Vie religieuse -- Méditerranée (région) --- Epigraphie --- Antiquité --- Graffiti --- History --- Inscriptions, Ancient --- Sacred space --- Mediterranean Region --- Religious life and customs

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The cult of saints is one of the most fascinating religious developments of Late Antiquity and the early Middle Ages. Christians admired martyrs already in the second century, but for a long time they perceived them only as examples to follow and believed they could pray directly to God, whom they addressed as ?Our Father?.00A new attitude toward saints, now considered above all as powerful friends of God and efficient intercessors, started to emerge in the third century. Once this process gained momentum in the Constantinian era, the cult of saints constantly changed and rapidly adapted to new conditions and demands. This evolution highlighted many factors: the popularity of specific saints and the different types of sanctity, the spread of cults and customs, and the ways in which the saints were described, visualised, and represented.00This volume seeks to capture the dynamic of these adaptations, showing both those aspects of cult which evolved quickly and those which remained stable for a long time. It studies the evolution of the cults in a broad period from the third to the seventh centuries and in various regions from Gaul to Georgia, with a particular interest in the two greatest centres of the cult of saints: Rome and Constantinople. In response to changing needs and different circumstances, new generations of believers repeatedly modified the cults of established saints, even as they introduced new saints

Christian saints --- History of doctrines --- Christian hagiography --- Christian martyrs --- Cults --- Icons --- Manners and customs --- Middle Ages --- Antiquities --- Cult --- Religious aspects --- 201 A.D.-700 A.D. --- Europe --- Culte des saints --- Intercession

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945 --- Geschiedenis van Italië --- History of Italy --- 945 Geschiedenis van Italië --- 945 History of Italy